Madre soltera / Single Mother

Durante una conversación con una amiga española me llamó la atención un comentario suyo. Ambas vivimos en el mismo barrio en las afueras de Londres y tenemos en común la guardería a la que asisten nuestros hijos, el idioma que hablamos y nuestra intención de criarlos bilingües. Hablábamos de la dificultad de mantener una vida armoniosa en la casa cuando tienes niños pequeños y ambos padres trabajan, de lo duro que es a veces lidiar con la necesidades de los pequeños y las propias y las de nuestras parejas; y como en este corto tiempo de ser mamás (nuestros hijos tienen menos de 4 años) se nos hizo evidente que mantener un matrimonio y una familia feliz es mucho más difícil de lo que pensábamos.El comentario que se quedó con migo fue más bien una pregunta: ¿Cómo es que casi todos los latinoamericanos que he conocido aquí provienen de una familia con una madre soltera? Lo he pensado mucho y obviamente mis conjeturas derivan de mi propia experiencia y observaciones.En Bolivia la familia es muy importante y sin importar la clase social, grupo étnico o estatus, lo ideal es casarse (anunciar formalmente ante la sociedad el deseo consensual de un hombre y  una mujer de formar una familia) antes de tener hijos. Las familias son unidas y el control social es fuerte y esto forma parte vital del funcionamiento de nuestra sociedad pues no existe seguro médico universal ni seguridad laboral, y en general tenemos poca fe en la “ley y justicia”.

Existen muchas clases de pobres, pero los más pobres son los que no cuentan con una red de seguridad social. Son familias que se han desplazado de su territorio original alejándose de sus familiares y amigos, por elección o necesidad -provenientes del campo, decidieron migrar a la ciudad en búsqueda de trabajo asalariado-. El trabajo que encuentran es generalmente mal remunerado y las horas muy largas, muchas veces es necesario que ambos padres trabajen y los niños quedan desatendidos. Estas son familias muy vulnerables y en estos casos no es poco común que después de un tiempo el padre abandone a la familia. La vida familiar se vuelve muy dura pues la madre se ve forzada a mantener a toda la familia sola.

Recuerdo una conversación que tuve una vez con un niño que limpiaba y cuidaba autos parqueados. Le pregunté porque no estaba en su casa haciendo tareas para la escuela. Me respondió que ya las había hecho y prefería ayudar a su mamá que si no tendría que trabajar un turno extra durante la noche y que a sus hermanitos les daba miedo quedarse solos en la noche. Me contó también que cada vez era más difícil conseguir trabajo porque hombres grandes empezaban a competir con los niños: “ellos son malos y viciosos, ni se fijan de los autos y todo lo gastan en bebida”, continuó diciendo: “¿Porque no se buscan un trabajo de adultos? Ellos pueden hacer de todo, nosotros niños solo podemos hacer esto, vender dulces y lustrar zapatos”. Me comentó que estaban tratando de organizar un sindicato de niños trabajadores de la calle para defender sus fuentes de ingreso.

En definitiva hay un grupo grande de madres solteras en Bolivia, posiblemente la mayoría fue abandonada con sus niños al verse el padre enfrentado con un monumental fracaso como proveedor, me reúso a pensar que es mera irresponsabilidad (aunque de eso no falta tampoco). Estas madres sustentan a sus niños como pueden, y al hacerlo forman parte importante de la economía de nuestro país, sin ser debidamente reconocidas ni remuneradas. Al igual que los niños que trabajan en la calle, muchas veces terminan haciendo el trabajo que hombres adultos rechazan.

El ejemplo más claro de esto lo vi una madrugada mientras tomaba el bus regional de La Paz a Cochabamba. La carretera se encontraba en mantenimiento y un ejército de cholitas la  mantenía limpia y húmeda.  Eran las 6 de la mañana en El Alto, la temperatura bajo cero, en una altura en la que cualquier esfuerzo físico resultaría sumamente agotador (más de 4000 metros sobre el nivel del mar).

El paisaje: docenas de polleras coloridas y aguayos cargando wawa’s (bebés) entre nubes de polvo, moviéndose rápidamente de manera intermitente de un lado de la carretera al otro. No vi ningún hombre excepto el que daba la señal de comenzar a mojar nuevamente, sentado en una silla a una distancia prudente para protegerse del polvo.

Es posible que gran parte de latinoamericanos que se animan a probar suerte en un continente desconocido y en un país de idioma diferente hayan pasado tiempos muy duros de pequeños que les hayan dado la fortaleza necesaria para emigrar.

Talking to a Spanish friend a while ago a comment she made got stuck in my head. We both live in the same neighbourhood in the outskirts of London and our children go to the same nursery, we share the language we speak and our wish to raise them bilingual. We were talking about the difficulty of maintaining a harmonious life at home when you have small children and both parents work, of how hard it can be sometimes to deal with the needs of the little ones and your own, and those of your partner; and how in the short time we have spent as mums (our kids are all under 4) it has been made evident to us that keeping a happy marriage and a happy family is much harder than we both had thought.The comment that stayed with me was actually a question: How come most Latin-Americans I’ve met here have been raised by a single mum? I’ve been thinking about it a lot and obviously my conjectures derive from my own observations and experience.In Bolivia family is very important and without distinction in social class, ethnic group or status, the ideal scenario is to get married (make it publicly known there is a consensual desire of a man and a woman to start a family) before they have children. Families are very close and social control is strong and that is vital for the functioning of our society as there is no universal medical insurance or employment security, and there is little faith in “law and justice”.

There are many kinds of poor, but the poorest are the ones who lack a social security network. They are generally families that have moved from their original location, away from their family and friends, by choice or necessity –they come from rural areas and have migrated to the city in search for a paid job-. The jobs they find is normally badly paid and the hours are very long; a lot of times both parents need to work in order to cover their basic needs and the children are left unattended. These are very vulnerable families and in these cases it is not uncommon for the father to abandon the family after a while. Family live becomes very hard as the mother is forced to maintain her whole family on her own.

I remember a conversation I once had with a child that cleaned cars and guarded them while parked on the street. I asked him why he wasn’t at home doing his school’s homework. He replied that he had already done them and that he’d rather help his mum out, because otherwise she would have to work night shifts as well and his little siblings were afraid to stay home alone at night.  He also told me it was getting harder to get little jobs because grown up men were competing with the children: “they are mean and vicious, they don’t even look after the cars and spend all their money in booze” he continued: “Why don’t they find themselves a grown up job? They could do anything, all us children can do is this, selling candy and polishing shoes”. He told me they were trying to organise a union of children working in the streets to protect their source of income.

There is definitely a large group of single mothers in Bolivia, possibly most of them have been abandoned with their children after the father found himself faced with a monumental failure as provider, I refuse to think that it is mere irresponsibility (even though there is a lot of that going around as well). These mothers support their children in any way they can, and by doing so, they form an important part of our economy, without been properly recognised or compensated. Same as the children working in the street, a lot of times they end up doing the work that adult men reject.

I saw the clearest example of this one early morning while riding the regional bus from La Paz to Cochabamba. The road was undergoing maintenance and an army of cholitas was keeping it clean and wet. It was 6 in the morning in El Alto, temperature was bellow cero and at an altitude in which any physical effort would prove extremely exhausting (over 4000 meters above sea level).

The view: dozens of colourful polleras and aguayos caring babies amongst clouds of dust, moving quickly in an intermittent pattern from one side of the road to the other. I didn’t’ see any man except the one giving the sign o start sweeping again, sitting in a chair at a safe distance to avoid the dust.

It is possible that a great deal of Latin-Americans that venture to try luck in a new continent and on a country  with a different language have gone through tough times as children that have given them the strength needed to migrate.

Posted in Latin American issues, My Latin American Women, Other Latin American Women, This Latin-American woman | Tagged , , , , , | Leave a comment

Mami, cuando crezca puedo ser una Cholita?

Mami, cuando cresca puedo ser una cholita? (Mum, when I grow up, can I be a cholita?)

Recuerdo preguntarle esto a mi mamá en uno de nuestros viajes por el campo en Cochabamba, Departamento de Bolivia en el cual nací y crecí.Ella me sonrió con ternura y contestó: cuando crezcas puedes ser lo que tu quieras! Y yo sonreí contenta, pues el escenario que veía por mi ventana era una de las cosas mas bellas que habia visto..

Debio ser algun día de Noviembre porque era epoca de “wallunkas“, unos enormes columpios que adornan con canastas, aguayos y flores de todos colores.

Las cholitas (jovencitas del campo solteras) vestian sus mejores polleras, grandes, coloridas, brillosas.. Todas andaban sonriendo. Sus blusas blancas con brillantes, sus aretes grandes, sus trenzas negras largas.. algunas con sombrero y todas contentas..

Pasaron los años y me di cuenta de que yo nunca podria ser una cholita. “Solo columpian jovecitas de pollera”, me exlpicaron la primera vez que pregunté si yo podia columpiar la wallunka. “Entonces, si me pongo una pollera, puedo columpiar?” El grupo de jovenes encargados me sonrió con cariño.. No lo dijeron pero ellos, ellas y yo sabiamos la respuesta. No es la pollera que te hace cholita.

Tuve suerte pues al pasar las horas estabamos mas en confianza y un poco mas tarde me dijeron que bueno, pero necesitaria un joven que me empuje.. Yo, super contenta. Mientras wallunkeaba toda la gente me miraba y la mitad se reia un poco avergonzada como quien ve un caballo imitando a una vicuña.

Para mi, uno de los mejores recuerdos universitarios.

I remember asking this to my mum on one of our trips to the country side in Cochabamba, the Bolivian province where I was born and raised.She looked at me with tenderness and laughed a bit while she answered: when you grow up, you can be anything you want! I smiled happily because the scenery I just enjoyed from my window was one of the prettiest things I had seen..

It must have been in November because all the “wallunkas” were up. Huge swings adorned with big woven baskets, colourful aguayos (traditional woven fabrics) and all kind of flowers.

The cholita’s (young single women from the countryside) all wore their best polleras (traditional skirts), big, colourful and shiny.. All walked about with a smile on their face. Their white blouses full of sparkly beads, lovely big earrings and long black braids.. some wore a white hat, all of them happy..

Years went by and I realised I could never be a cholita. “Only young ladies wearing a pollera can swing”, was explained to me the first time I asked if I could swing on the wallunka. “so, if I put on a pollera, can I swing then?” The group of young people in charge smiled at me fondly.. They didn’t say it, but them and I knew the answer. It’s not the pollera that makes you a cholita.

I was lucky because as time went by that evening we became friendlier and they finally agreed to me swinging, but I had to find a young man to push me.. I was super thirlled. Everybody looked at me while I swung the wallunka that evening, half the people there giggling a bit ashamed, like they were seeing a horse trying to impersonate a vicuña (the fancy cousin of a lama)

For me, on of the best memories from uni.

Posted in Other Latin American Women, This Latin-American woman | 1 Comment

Very Inspiring Blogger Award

vib-trophy-blog-m

We are thrilled to have been nominated for the Very Inspiring Blogger Award by the authors of two very different blogs that I enjoy very much, delusions of equality and green trails and teapot tales, Thank you so much! The rules of this award are:

Thank and link back to the blogger who has nominated you, then post the award logo to your blog, write a post on the nomination and nominate and link to 15 other very inspiring bloggers. Notify them (with  link to the post); and tell 7 things about yourself.

So here’s seven things about my self:

1. Hmm.. The more I know, the less I know. I am very different to everyone I know and the quest to why I am the way I am (and why others around me are the way they are) is what got me here.

2. As a child and a teenager I grew up aware of the economic, social and ethnic differences that exist in the Bolivian society with my mum nagging about gender equality and my father telling me that, girl or boy, you shouldn’t rely on others to get things done.

3. I am an optimist and I know some people tend to think I’m dim because of it. I have played with the dark side of the force and it has nothing good to offer.

4. These are things I expect form people: be honest, be responsible, respect your self and others, educate your self, be open minded, be honest when you can’t be open minded -and respect anyway-

5. These are things I wish for my boys to learn: you are not alone, but some people are; you belong only to yourself and people in your life should help you feel good in your own skin; life is beautiful and fragile, death is a part of it; everyone is richer because of your smile; it is good and healthy to cry sometimes; family is where your strength comes from, love and forgive the shortcomings ;)

6. I’m in love with my husband, he is my best friend and if anyone gets me a bit, it’s him. But I did not get married out of love. We had the best wedding ever, it was at home in the garden, my dad was present and we danced all night. We made the best of it, but we got married because he promised his mum we would, when he saw how desperately sad she was to hear that we were going to live together.

7. I’m bit bipolar. I love people, I hate people (not the same ones). I can be very patient, but somethings I’m very intolerant about (ignorance in educated people, girls choosing the wrong partner systematically). I’m super nice, and I’m also rude sometimes (mostly to do with swearing and asking things bluntly). I’m always thinking of others and I can be completely self-absorbed.. hmm maybe I should get this checked..

Ok, enough about me, I was thrilled to have been nominated for this award on another blog I started recently,  Natural Charms, it took me a while to find 15 inspiring blogs then, so I apologise but I’ll repeat some and round up to 10, the first 4 links are new nominations

1. Sharing interesting info on all kinds of topics 3SixtyGrados

2. Sharing poetry about beautiful women Tal Fulanas

3. Sharing nice artsy tips Habit of Art

4. Sharing tales and recipes about his home land Hari’s got tales http://hariqhuang.wordpress.com/

5. Telling the story of a new born organic farm in the heart of Bolivia, in the countryside near my home city, Vinto Lindo

6. Sharing about loss, grief and life we are all in this together

7. For her nice, passionate poems El cuento de Saliary 

8. Because she green and wake Verde Despertar

9. Because there is a lot to be discused about Parenting and Stuff

10. Because she will teach me all I need to know to start a bee hive in my front garden Romancing the Bee

Posted in Uncategorized | 6 Comments

No humanity here: the voices of asylum seeking children

Reblogged from delusions of equality:

'There is no humanity here... that thing, I can promise you' (Asylum seeking child in Norway)

I was lucky to go see Nowhere Home on Thursday night,  a documentary screened as part of the Human Rights Watch Film Festival in London this year. Lucky because of many things: I've always wanted to go to this festival but this is the first time I am in one of the cities it's held.

Read more… 958 more words

This goes well to demonstrate a bit about the lack of empathy and its consequences that I reblogged from TED's talks recently. We should all just try to show a little love and tenderness.. Especially when children are involved!!
Posted in Other worldly issues, Uncategorized | Tagged , , | Leave a comment

X Marks the Spot: This week’s TEDx Talks

Reblogged from TED Blog:

  • Click to visit the original post

Each week, TEDx chooses four of our favorite talks, highlighting just a few of the enlightening speakers from the TEDx community, and its diverse constellation of ideas worth spreading. Below, give this week’s talks a listen.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=nXcU8x_xK18

The roots of good and evil: Simon Baron Cohen at TEDxHousesofParliament
How is it that otherwise intelligent people can inflict such terrible harm upon others?

Read more… 246 more words, 3 more videos

Another interesting TED short, about empathy, what it is, how it works and the effects of its presence and absence.. The world would be a better place if we would empathize with people.. With people different than us.. This goes perfectly together with another post I read today, I must reblog it too, hope the author doesn't mind! xx
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Time to spread my wings

All this talk about beautiful courageous Latin-American women has been very inspiring..  At the beginning of the year I was hoping for strength and courage to pursue my own dreams, which are not little.

I want to feel I’m spending my time doing something I care for, that makes me happy and proud. I also want to enjoy the time I have with my boys (they’ll start school in September!!). I don’t want to be dead tired when I get home the three days that I work. I want to work close to home, to walk my children to school at nine and pick them up at three maybe at 5 some days (they have been going to nursery from 7:30 to 6). I want to be happy to have to cook fresh meals and to have the strength and fitness to keep up with all the boys in my house.

Cut to the chase: I need a new job. Not just  job. The least it needs to be is flexible. It has to fit around the school and should be nearby. Also, I would prefer it to be in my profession, or at least very exciting, or well paid. Sadly, in this beautiful city that I live in -by choice, London is my favourite city in the world- none of the above apply. So, before I hand in my overqualified CV at the local Sainsbury’s or Waitrose, or Clark’s, I’m giving one of my dreams a shot. Change was imminent, what better moment to spread my wings and give it a go.

I stopped working where I was and am giving my full dedication to try to set up Natural Charms, a handcrafted jewellery “bussiness” to see if I can make it provide for an income at least similar to the alternatives. In the beginning it felt a bit like free falling but I am hopeful, and excited, and proud of my husband for pushing me out of the plane, I don’t think I could have taken the plunge without his encouragement..

And so my journey as a jewellery maker begins! I started a new blog to document my comings and goings in this new trade I embark.. If you care to join me I’d be most delighted to have you on board! xx

Here’s the link if you want to check it out http://naturalcharms.wordpress.com

Posted in This Latin-American woman | Tagged | 3 Comments

Juana Azurduy de Padilla

I have wanted to write about Juana from the first day I started this Blog. Her story is as intense and sad as the story of our continent. She has gone into history for having been one of the bravest, most influential women fighters in the war for the independence of Bolivia and Argentina, where she was hailed as a great military leader.

Desde que comencé a escribir este Blog he querido escribir sobre Juana. Su historia es tan intensa y triste como la historia de nuestro continente. Juana Azurduy de Padilla fue una de las mujeres más valientes e influyentes en la guerra de la independencia de Bolivia y Argentina, donde se la reconoció como una gran líder militar.

Juana was born on the 12th of July, 1780 in what is now Chuquisaca (Bolivia) and died before turning 82, on the 25th of May, 1862. War in Bolivia went on from 1809 until the declaration of its independence the 6th of August 1825.

Born a mestizo girl (of mixed ethnic origin: white Spanish/dark skinned indigenous) she learned quechua and aymara as well as Spanish. After the (apparently violent) death of her parents she was taken in by an aunt who decided she couldn’t manage and send her to a convent. She didn’t last long there; she was too defiant and was expelled.

Shortly after leaving the convent Juana met Manuel Ascencio Padilla, the son of Melchor Padilla, a man with whom she felt connected because of his knowledge of the indigenous people of Bolivia. She fell in love and married Manuel in 1805, at the time he was following a law university degree in the University of Saint Francis Xavier

They shared a likeness of the ideals of the French Revolution and Manuel took part in the ‘rebelión criolla’ of 1809, a rebellion to take power from the colonial rulers (criollo being a term for the ethnic identity resulting from the mix between Spanish and mestizo). As a consequence he was pursued by the colonial army and Juana was evicted from their properties.

Both joined the revolution and were soon commanding large armies of indigenous people. It is believed that their success in combat had to do with the fact they could communicate with the indigenous populations in their own tongue. The war of Alto Perú -as the region was known in the times of the colonies- took place in vast areas of what is now Bolivia and Argentina and Juana and Manuel became heroes of the revolution of both countries.

They fought together and also lead separate armies. While leading the revolution Juana gave birth to five children, two boys and three girls. She is remembered in poetry and songs for her braveness and courage, for giving birth while in combat, for having breast fed while riding in the night, for having fought with a baby in one hand and for having lost four children because of her fighting.

In Wiki’s account of Manuel‘s life it is mentioned that the imperial army seized the four children (the fifth was not born), killed the two boys and used the girls as bait to catch the parents, who came fearlessly to their rescue only to see them die a few days later. In another account it’s mentioned that the boys fell ill and died while hiding with their mother in an unknown forest, the girls dying later form dysentery and malaria contracted when in hiding.

In 1814 Juana is known to have gone to battle while heavily pregnant and to have given birth to her fifth child, daughter Luisa, by the banks of the ‘Rio Grande’. Royalist troops came to her attack and she reacted with such strength that she cut the  head of the commander with a sword on one hand while holding her new born on the other. She escaped jumping into the river and crossing it with daughter in hand, seeking refuge in an indigenous village where she left the baby to be kept safe and returned to battle soon after.

In 1816 Juana was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata in recognition of her accomplishments in battle. Later that year she was injured in combat and Manuel was killed trying to save her. Juana led a counter attack to recover his remains.

After widowing Juana continued leading armies in what today is Argentina and Bolivia. She won 33 battles and was given recognition by Simón Bolivar (most influential politician in the history of Latin America for laying the foundation for democracy in most of its countries) who granted her a pension, which after two years was ignored and discontinued by the authorities. She was again awarded a pension by Bolivia’s first president Antonio Jose de Sucre, which was later stopped by another president in 1857.

Juana died in 1862 forgotten by her beloved country, alone and in extreme poverty.

I try to imagine what life was like in those days and it is almost impossible. What would I have done in her situation? I feel sad for the life Juana led, but mainly because she was left behind, alone.. I can imagine she felt better in the years when she fought next to Manuel, with her children close by, than after the dream of liberty had come true and she was a widow, alone with Luisa and poor, with just memories of Manuel and her four lost children. Would she have asked her self “what did we do it for?”. I doubt it. But I’m sure she cried a lot.

How I wish your life had been different and your courage and sacrifice had never been forgotten… I would have wanted you to know that we have become a proud country, Juana. We still try to fight injustice and we’re trying to live peacefully together, even though we are a country of many peoples and great differences.  When we sing our National Anthem, we still sing the lyrics loudly. I know you have sung it in your life time and it’s beautiful that it promises to forever continue with what you have started.

The lyrics to the Bolivian National Anthem were written in in 1851. They are very powerful, I have sang them so many times, but today, reading them after having dissected Juana’s life for the past couple of days, it has made me cry.. Come on, you got his far.. Give it a read!

Juana nació el 12 de Julio de 1780, en lo que hoy se conoce como Chuquisaca, (Bolivia) y murió el 25 de Mayo de 1862. La guerra en Bolivia se prolongó desde 1809 hasta la declaración de su independencia el 6 de Agosto de 1825.

De descendencia mestiza, aprendió a hablar quechua y aymara además de español. Sus padres fallecieron (al parecer de manera violenta) temprano en su adolescencia y fue acogida por su tía, que al no saber lidiar con ella, la ingresó en un convento. Allí tampoco se quedó mucho tiempo pues era muy rebelde y la expulsaron.

Al dejar el convento Juana conoció a Manuel Ascencio Padilla, hijo de Melchor Padilla, con quien tenía afinidad debido a su conocimiento de los pueblos indígenas de Bolivia. Se enamoró de Manuel y se casaron en 1805. Manuel estudiaba derecho en la Universidad de San Fransisco Xavier de Chuquisaca 

Compartían una afinidad con los ideales de la Revolución Francesa y Manuel participó en la rebelión criolla (Criollo se refiere a la mezcla de español con mestizo) de 1809 liderando indios en contra del poder español establecido. Como consecuencia comenzó la persecución de Manuel y Juana fue expulsada de sus propiedades.

Juntos se unieron a la revolución y en poco tiempo estaban comandando grandes ejércitos de gente indígena. Se piensa que su gran éxito en combate tuvo que ver con el hecho de que podían comunicarse con los indígenas en su propio idioma. La guerra del Alto Perú –nombre con que se conocía la región en tiempos coloniales- se desarrolló en una gran extensión de lo que es ahora Bolivia y Argentina y Juana y Manuel se convirtieron en héroes de ambos países.

Pelearon juntos y también lideraron ejércitos por separado. Mientras guiaba la revolución Juana tuvo 5 hijos, dos niños y tres niñas. En poesía y canciones se la recuerda por su valentía y coraje, por haber dado a luz mientras estaba en combate, por haber dado pecho mientras galopaba en la noche, por haber peleado con un bebé en mano y por haber perdido cuatro de sus hijos debido a su lucha.

El artículo en Wiki sobre la vida de Manuel menciona que el ejército capturó a sus cuatro hijos (no había nacido la quinta), asesinando a los varones y usando a las niñas como señuelo para atrapar a los padres, que acudieron a su rescate sólo para verlas morir poco más tarde. Otra versión menciona que los niños murieron mientras se escondían con su madre en un monte desconocido y que poco después fallecieron las niñas de disentería y paludismo.

En 1814, registros históricos cuentan que Juana participó en batalla embarazada, dando a luz  su quinta hija, Luisa, a las orillas del Rio Grande. Tropas realistas llegaron a su ataque y ella respondió con tal fuerza cortó la cabeza del comandante con su espada en una mano, mientras sostenía a su recién nacida con a otra. Escapó saltando al río y cruzándolo a nado con su hija en brazos, refugiandose en una comunidad indígena donde dejó a la niña para protegerla, retornando a la batalla poco después.

In 1816 fue promovida al cargo de Teniente Coronel de las Provincias Unidas del Río de La Plata en reconocimiento de sus logros en batalla. Ese mismo año Juana fue herida en combate y Manuel perdió la vida ayudándole a escapar. Juana lideró el contraataque para recuperar sus restos.

Luego de enviudar Juana continuó liderando ejércitos en lo que hoy es Argentina y Bolivia. Ganó 33 batallas y fue reconocida por Simón Bolivar (personaje político más influyente en la historia de Latinoamérica por haber establecido las bases para la democracia en la mayoría de sus países) que le otorgó una pensión, la cual después de dos años fue discontinuada por las autoridades. Antonio José de Sucre, 1er presidente de Bolivia, le otorgó otra pensión, que otro presidente discontinuó en 1857.

Juana murió en 1862 en el olvido de su patria amada, en soledad y en extrema pobreza.

Me trato de imaginar cómo era la vida en esas épocas y me es casi imposible. Que hubiese hecho yo en su situación? Me apena la vida de Juana, pero principalmente por que quedó atrás, sola.. Me puedo imaginar que se sintió mejor en los años en que peleó junto a Manuel, con sus niños siempre cerca, que después de haberse realizado el sueño de libertad, viuda, sola con Luisa y nada más que recuerdos de Manuel y sus cuatros niños mayores. Se habrá preguntado “para qué lo hicimos?”. Lo dudo. Pero seguro que lloró mucho.

Cómo quisiera que tu vida hubiese sido diferente y que tu coraje y sacrificio no hubiesen sido olvidados nunca… Hubiese querido que sepas que nos hemos convertido en un país orgulloso, Juana. Seguimos tratando de combatir injusticias e intentamos convivir juntos y en paz, a pesar de ser un país de muchos pueblos y grandes diferencias. Cuando cantamos el Himno Nacional, cantamos la letra con fuerza. Sé que tú lo has cantado en tu tiempo, es lindo que promete continuar por siempre lo que tú comenzaste.

La letra del Himno Nacional de Bolivia fué escrita en in 1851. Es muy intensa, la he cantado tantas veces, pero hoy, leyéndola después de haber leído y escrito sobre la vida de Juana, me ha hecho llorar.. Vamos, ya llegaste hasta aquí.. Dale una leída!

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juana_Azurduy_de_Padilla

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Ascencio_Padilla

http://www.opinion.com.bo/opinion/articulos/2012/0806/noticias.php?id=66715

http://bicentenariosucre.blogspot.co.uk/2009/04/juana-azurduy-de-padilla-biografia.html

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